Wyoming’s diverse landscapes provide a surprising haven for hummingbirds, attracting several species during their migration and breeding seasons. Whether you’re a birdwatcher, nature photographer, or simply curious about local wildlife, this list covers 10 hummingbird species you can realistically encounter in Wyoming. Each entry includes key identification tips and habitat notes to help you recognize these tiny, iridescent birds in the wild.
1. Rufous Hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus)
The Rufous Hummingbird is the most common hummingbird species found in Wyoming during spring and summer. Known for its fiery orange-red coloration on males and a feisty temperament, it favors open areas with wildflowers and gardens. These birds undertake one of the longest migration routes relative to body size, traveling from Mexico to Alaska, often stopping in Wyoming to refuel.
2. Broad-tailed Hummingbird (Selasphorus platycercus)
The Broad-tailed Hummingbird is a summer resident in Wyoming’s montane forests and meadows, especially near water sources. Males have a striking iridescent rose-pink throat patch and a broad, flat tail that gives the species its name. This hummingbird’s distinctive high-pitched, trilling song is often heard before the bird is seen.
3. Calliope Hummingbird (Selasphorus calliope)
The Calliope Hummingbird, the smallest bird in North America, is a rare but regular visitor to Wyoming’s mountain meadows. Males display a vivid magenta throat with spiky gorget feathers that appear almost brush-like. This species prefers higher elevations and is most often seen from late spring through early summer.
4. Black-chinned Hummingbird (Archilochus alexandri)
The Black-chinned Hummingbird is uncommon but increasing in Wyoming, especially in the southeastern parts of the state. Males have a distinctive black throat with a violet base and a white band below it. They favor shrubby habitats and riparian areas, often visiting backyard feeders during migration.
5. Anna’s Hummingbird (Calypte anna)
Anna’s Hummingbird is an occasional visitor in Wyoming, mostly in the western foothills and urban areas with feeders. Unlike other species, Anna’s can be seen year-round in some places, although sightings in Wyoming are generally during migration. Males have a glittering rose-pink crown and throat, and they are known for their aggressive territorial behavior.
6. Broad-billed Hummingbird (Cynanthus latirostris)
The Broad-billed Hummingbird is a rare vagrant in Wyoming, mostly noted in the southern part of the state during fall migration. This species is recognizable by its bright turquoise body and broad red bill with a black tip. While not a resident, spotting one is a treat for hummingbird enthusiasts and birders.
7. Costa’s Hummingbird (Calypte costae)
Costa’s Hummingbird is very rare in Wyoming but has been documented on occasion, especially in the southwestern regions. The male’s striking purple crown and throat plumes make it easy to identify. This species is more common in desert areas of the Southwest but occasionally wanders into Wyoming’s drier habitats.
8. Calliope Hummingbird Hybrid Sightings
Occasionally, birders in Wyoming report hybrid hummingbirds involving Calliope and Rufous species, especially in overlapping ranges. These hybrids can show mixed plumage features such as partial gorget coloration or altered tail patterns. Observing hybrids provides insight into hummingbird behavior and migration patterns in the region.
9. Hummingbird Feeding Habits in Wyoming
Hummingbirds in Wyoming primarily feed on nectar from native wildflowers like penstemon, columbine, and bee balm, as well as tree sap and small insects. Gardeners can attract them with feeders filled with a sugar-water solution (4 parts water to 1 part sugar). Maintaining clean feeders and planting native flowers helps support local hummingbird populations.
10. Best Places to See Hummingbirds in Wyoming
Prime spots for hummingbird watching include the Medicine Bow National Forest, Grand Teton National Park, and areas around Laramie and Jackson. These locations offer abundant flowering plants and natural habitats that hummingbirds prefer. Early morning and late afternoon visits during the summer months yield the best viewing opportunities.
How to Choose
Choosing which hummingbird to focus on depends largely on your location within Wyoming and the time of year. Rufous and Broad-tailed Hummingbirds are the most reliable species for observation, especially during breeding season. If you’re interested in rarer sightings, consider visiting southern or southwestern parts of the state during migration for possible Black-chinned, Broad-billed, or Costa’s Hummingbirds. Additionally, habitat preference—such as montane meadows versus desert-like areas—plays a key role in which species you are likely to encounter. Using a combination of plumage details, song, and behavior will help you accurately identify hummingbirds in the field.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: When is the best time to see hummingbirds in Wyoming?
Spring through early fall, especially May to August, is when most hummingbirds are present for breeding and migration.
Q: Can hummingbirds survive Wyoming winters?
Most hummingbirds migrate south for the winter; they do not typically overwinter in Wyoming due to cold temperatures and lack of food.
Q: What should I put in a hummingbird feeder?
A simple solution of four parts water to one part white granulated sugar, boiled and cooled, is best. Avoid red dye and honey, which can harm them.
Q: How can I attract more hummingbirds to my yard?
Plant native flowering plants with tubular blooms, keep feeders clean, and provide fresh water sources to create an inviting habitat.
Q: Are hummingbirds endangered in Wyoming?
None of the hummingbird species commonly found in Wyoming are listed as endangered, but habitat preservation is important for their continued presence.
Q: How fast do hummingbirds beat their wings?
Depending on the species, hummingbirds can beat their wings approximately 50 to 80 times per second, allowing for their characteristic hovering flight.
Final Thoughts
Wyoming may not be the first place that comes to mind for hummingbird watching, but its varied habitats support a fascinating array of species, from the fiery Rufous to the tiny Calliope. By understanding where and when to look, along with key identification tips, you can enjoy the dazzling displays of these remarkable birds. Whether you’re a seasoned birder or new to hummingbirds, Wyoming offers rewarding opportunities to observe these aerial jewels in their natural environment.
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