If you’re considering a Nordic spitz-type dog and want to understand the key differences between the Icelandic Sheepdog and the Norwegian Buhund, this list is for you. Both breeds share Scandinavian herding roots but differ in appearance, temperament, and care needs. Below, we break down 10 specific differences to help prospective owners, dog enthusiasts, and herding fans make an informed choice.
1. Origin and Historical Background
The Icelandic Sheepdog is Iceland’s national dog, with origins tracing back over 1,000 years to the Viking settlers who brought their herding dogs to the island. It was bred primarily for herding sheep and guarding farms in Iceland’s rugged terrain. The Norwegian Buhund, meanwhile, hails from Norway and is one of the oldest spitz breeds in Scandinavia, historically used not only for herding but also as a watchdog and versatile farm dog. These different historical roles influence their behavior and traits today.
2. Physical Appearance and Size
The Icelandic Sheepdog typically stands between 18 and 21 inches tall, with a well-balanced, medium-sized frame and a thick double coat that often features a curled tail over the back. Its coat colors include various shades of tan, cream, and sometimes black, often with white markings. The Norwegian Buhund is slightly smaller, usually 17 to 20 inches tall, with a compact, sturdy build and a dense double coat that often comes in wheaten or black. Buhunds also have a distinctive curled tail but tend to have a sharper, more fox-like facial expression compared to the softer look of the Icelandic Sheepdog.
3. Coat Type and Grooming Needs
Both breeds have thick double coats adapted to cold climates, but the Icelandic Sheepdog’s coat is typically longer and more profuse, requiring regular brushing to prevent mats and tangles. The Norwegian Buhund’s coat is shorter and denser, making grooming slightly easier but still necessitating weekly brushing, especially during seasonal shedding. Neither breed requires professional grooming often, but the Icelandic Sheepdog’s thicker fur means more attention to coat maintenance during shedding seasons.
4. Temperament and Personality
The Icelandic Sheepdog is known for its friendly, cheerful, and outgoing demeanor. It is highly social, often described as playful and affectionate, making it an excellent family companion. The Norwegian Buhund is intelligent and energetic but tends to be a bit more reserved or cautious with strangers. Buhunds are loyal and protective, sometimes displaying a stronger watchdog instinct than the Icelandic Sheepdog.
5. Energy Levels and Exercise Requirements
Both breeds are active and require daily exercise, but the Icelandic Sheepdog generally has a higher energy level and thrives on vigorous outdoor activities like hiking or herding work. The Norwegian Buhund, while energetic, is slightly more adaptable to moderate exercise routines as long as they receive mental stimulation. Both breeds benefit from structured activities such as agility or obedience training to channel their intelligence and energy positively.
6. Herding Instinct and Trainability
Herding is a strong instinct in both breeds, but the Icelandic Sheepdog is especially noted for its natural herding abilities and is still used in Iceland for traditional sheep herding. This breed is quick to learn but can be independent, requiring consistent, positive reinforcement training. The Norwegian Buhund is also highly trainable and eager to please, often excelling in obedience and canine sports. Buhunds tend to be more responsive to commands and less stubborn than Icelandic Sheepdogs.
7. Vocalization and Barking Tendencies
The Icelandic Sheepdog is known for being a vocal breed, using barking to communicate while herding and alerting owners to activity. This trait can make them noisy if not properly managed, especially in an apartment or quiet neighborhood setting. The Norwegian Buhund also barks but generally less frequently; their vocalization is often more controlled, making them somewhat better suited for urban living if trained appropriately.
8. Health and Lifespan
Both breeds are generally healthy with lifespans ranging from 12 to 15 years. The Icelandic Sheepdog can be prone to hip dysplasia and eye disorders such as cataracts, so health screenings are important for breeders. The Norwegian Buhund may also face hip dysplasia and hereditary eye conditions, but overall, both breeds benefit from responsible breeding practices and routine veterinary care to maintain longevity and quality of life.
9. Suitability for Families and Living Situations
The Icelandic Sheepdog’s friendly and playful nature makes it an excellent family dog, particularly for homes with children and active lifestyles. However, their high energy and vocal tendencies mean they do best in homes with yards or access to open spaces. The Norwegian Buhund is also family-friendly but may be better suited to families who want a slightly more reserved dog that adapts well to various living environments, including smaller homes, provided they get enough exercise.
10. Popularity and Recognition
The Icelandic Sheepdog is recognized by major kennel clubs such as the American Kennel Club (AKC) in the Herding Group and is gaining popularity outside Iceland due to its charming personality. The Norwegian Buhund is also recognized by the AKC and other international bodies but remains less common globally. Both breeds have dedicated breed clubs that promote responsible ownership and provide resources for new owners.
How to Choose
When deciding between an Icelandic Sheepdog and a Norwegian Buhund, focus on your lifestyle and needs rather than just appearance. If you want a highly social, energetic dog with a strong herding instinct and don’t mind regular grooming and barking, the Icelandic Sheepdog could be the right fit. If you prefer a slightly smaller, more reserved but still active dog that adapts well to various living spaces with moderate grooming, the Norwegian Buhund may be better. Consider your exercise availability, tolerance for vocalization, and grooming commitment before choosing.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Are Icelandic Sheepdogs good with children?
Yes, they are very playful and gentle, making them excellent companions for kids.
Q: Do Norwegian Buhunds shed a lot?
They shed seasonally but regular brushing helps manage loose hair effectively.
Q: Which breed is better for apartment living?
The Norwegian Buhund adapts better to apartments if exercised well; the Icelandic Sheepdog prefers more space.
Q: Are these breeds easy to train for novice owners?
Both are intelligent; the Buhund is generally more eager to please, making training somewhat easier for beginners.
Q: How much exercise do they need daily?
At least one hour of physical activity plus mental stimulation is recommended for both breeds.
Q: Do these dogs get along with other pets?
Both breeds typically get along well with other dogs and pets if socialized early.
Final Thoughts
While the Icelandic Sheepdog and Norwegian Buhund share Nordic herding roots and some physical traits, they differ in personality, grooming needs, and adaptability. Understanding these differences helps ensure you pick the breed that best fits your lifestyle and preferences. Both breeds offer loyal companionship, intelligence, and a connection to rich Scandinavian heritage, making either a rewarding choice for the right owner.
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