If you’re into rock climbing or setting up a climbing wall, understanding what climbing holds are made from is essential. This list covers the 10 most common materials used for climbing holds, explaining their properties, benefits, and why they matter for climbers and gym owners alike. Whether you want durability, texture, or cost-effectiveness, this guide will help you make informed decisions.
Polyurethane (PU)
Polyurethane is the most popular material for modern climbing holds due to its excellent durability and versatility. It offers a good balance between strength and weight, allowing manufacturers to create complex shapes and textures without excessive bulk. PU holds resist chipping and cracking better than many alternatives, making them ideal for indoor climbing gyms with heavy use.
Polyester Resin
Polyester resin was once the dominant material for climbing holds before polyurethane took over. It is a thermoset plastic that cures into a hard, rigid form. While polyester resin holds are generally cheaper, they tend to be heavier and more brittle, making them prone to chipping and breaking under heavy stress or impact.
Wood
Wood climbing holds are favored for their natural feel and smooth texture, which is easier on the skin. They are commonly used for training boards and campus boards where grip comfort and wrist health are priorities. Made from hardwoods like maple or beech, wooden holds require regular maintenance to prevent splintering and maintain surface quality.
Fiberglass
Fiberglass climbing holds are lightweight and extremely durable, often used in home wall setups or specialized commercial applications. They are created by layering fiberglass sheets with resin, resulting in holds that can be molded into large, complex shapes while maintaining a relatively low weight. Their surface texture is usually smoother and less abrasive than resin or polyurethane.
Concrete
Concrete holds are occasionally used for outdoor boulders or DIY projects due to their rugged durability and weather resistance. They are heavy and not commonly found in commercial gyms but provide a realistic rock-like texture. Concrete holds can be cast in molds and finished with abrasive additives to improve grip.
Magnesium Carbonate Coated Holds
Not a base material per se, but some climbing holds are coated with magnesium carbonate to enhance grip. This powdery coating mimics chalk, reducing sweat and improving friction. It’s often applied to polyurethane or resin holds, especially for competition settings where maximum grip is crucial.
Rubber
Rubber climbing holds are less common but used primarily for training aids like pinch trainers or campus rungs where cushioning is beneficial. Rubber provides a softer, more forgiving surface that reduces strain on fingers. However, it lacks the sharp texture needed for challenging climbs and wears out faster than synthetic plastics.
Composite Materials
Some manufacturers use composite blends combining polyurethane with fillers like sand or glass beads to adjust texture and weight. These composites allow customization of hold feel, from smooth to rough, and can improve durability or reduce manufacturing costs. Each batch can be tailored for specific climbing styles or wall types.
Metal
Metal holds, often made from aluminum or steel, are rare but used in industrial or artistic climbing walls. Metal offers unmatched durability and can be fabricated into unique shapes, but it is heavier and colder to the touch, which can be uncomfortable. Metal holds are typically coated with textured paint or powder coating to improve grip.
3D Printed Materials
Advances in 3D printing have introduced new possibilities for climbing holds made from high-strength polymers or resin blends. 3D printing allows precise control over shape, internal structure, and texture, enabling innovative hold designs that traditional molding can’t achieve. While still niche, 3D printed holds are gaining traction for custom projects and prototypes.
How to Choose
Choosing the right climbing hold material depends on your priorities: durability, texture, weight, and budget. Polyurethane is the go-to for most gyms due to its robustness and design flexibility. If skin comfort or training is your focus, wood or rubber might be better. For outdoor or DIY projects, concrete or fiberglass could be suitable. Consider the expected usage intensity, maintenance requirements, and the climbing style to find the best fit. Also, factor in hold shape and texture, which often matter more for grip than the base material itself.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are polyurethane holds better than polyester resin? Yes, polyurethane is generally more durable, lighter, and less prone to chipping than polyester resin, making it the preferred choice for most modern climbing holds.
Why are wooden holds popular for training? Wood offers a smooth, skin-friendly surface that reduces abrasion and finger strain, making it ideal for training boards and campus boards.
Can climbing holds be used outdoors? Some materials like concrete and fiberglass are more weather-resistant and suitable for outdoor use, but most polyurethane holds can degrade over time if exposed to UV and moisture.
Do metal holds affect grip? Metal holds can be slippery if not textured properly and feel cold to the touch, which may impact comfort and grip during climbing.
Are 3D printed holds durable? Modern 3D printed holds using high-strength polymers can be durable, but their longevity depends on the material and printing process used. They are mostly used for custom or prototype holds currently.
Is the texture or material more important for climbing holds? Texture usually has a greater impact on grip and feel than the base material. Materials can be modified with coatings or additives to adjust texture, so consider both factors when choosing holds.
Final Thoughts
The material of climbing holds plays a significant role in their performance, durability, and feel. Polyurethane dominates the market for its excellent balance of properties, but alternatives like wood and fiberglass have specialized uses. Understanding these materials helps climbers and gym owners select holds that best match their climbing style, environment, and budget. Ultimately, the right hold material enhances safety and enjoyment on the wall.
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